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May 20th, 2008


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Iran: Blogger writes book on the impact of the Internet 

a small portrait of this author Hamid Tehrani · 19:42
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Cyrus in Iran Cyrus Farivar is a USA-based blogger, journalist and writer. He is currently working on a book about the impact of the internet on society. Cyrus writes about internet impact on Iran, Senegal, South Korea and Senegal. He was recently in Iran and has taken several photos of Iranian carpets, food, buildings and nature too.

Q: You visited Iran recently after many years. Was it a cultural shock? Was there any difference between what you imagined, and what you came to know about Iran in reality?

A: Iran wasn't a culture shock at all. It was pretty much what I expected, culturally. I did grow up in a half-Iranian family in California, after all. Iranians are terribly hospitable people and always want to be helpful and welcoming to family members like me who have never been to Iran.

Q: You are writing a book on the Internet and its impact on society. One fourth of your book is about Iran. Can you explain this project?

A: I am writing a book about the history and effects of the Internet in four countries around the world, including Estonia, Iran, Senegal and South Korea. It explores how the political and economic histories of these countries intersect with the arrival of the Internet in their countries. It is tentatively titled “The Internet of Elsewhere” and will be published by Rutgers University Press (USA) in late 2009.

Q: Why did you choose these four countries for your book?

A: I chose these countries because they each represent vastly different experiences when it comes to the Internet.

Senegal, because it's a Sub-Saharan African country, and yet, relative to many others in the region is politically and economically stable. It should be ripe for greater Internet penetration, and yet, it's not.

Estonia, because of the rapid changes that it has gone through since its emergence from the Soviet Union in 1991. It went from barely any communication with the outside world in 1991 to having more mobile phones than citizens today.

South Korea, because it has the largest rate of Internet penetration in the world and has the highest and cheapest bandwidth in the world. How did this happen?

Iran, for personal reasons but also because it's interesting to watch how the Internet, a disruptive technology in and of itself, intersects with the theocracy and budding democratic thinkers of the early 21st century.

Q: Have you found any commonalities in these countries?

A:
I have found common elements in so far as the Internet has had a dramatic effect on the contemporary histories of each country. Even in a country like Senegal, the Internet is cheap enough to the point where even the poorest kids in Dakar can pool their money between three or four of them to share access on a machine in a cybercafe for an hour fairly regularly. Each of these countries would look different without the proliferation of the Internet.

Q: Do you think blogs have any real influence in Iranian media and society?

A:
I think that blogs do have an impact on Iran, but I wonder how much of an impact they can have now when so many blogs are filtered, and the bandwidth is slowed. Sure, many Iranians know how to use proxies and other tools to get around the blocks, but the simple fact that many young Iranian thinkers and writers have had to leave since 2001, makes me wonder who are the winners and losers in this case. The answers aren't obvious.

Q: Did you meet any bloggers in Iran? What challenges are there for cyber activists?

A: I didn't meet any bloggers in Iran, but I did meet with Shahram Sharif of ITIran.com and Sina Tabesh of Wikipedia Persian. I have spoken with many bloggers by phone and by IM previously, but unfortunately have not met many of them. It's hard for cyber activists, even those who live outside Iran, to at once speak out against the government and feel safe in what they say, and how they say it.

Q: How was your personal experience surfing and using internet in Iran? Slow, filtered…?

A: I stayed with my grandmother, who, despite living in North Tehran, did not have Internet access at her apartment. During the two weeks I was there, I was only to use the Internet once, from a cyber café in the Hotel Aseman in Esfahan. I was able to make a Skype call to the US with no problem. That being said, I did access a VERY limited version of the Internet on my iPhone — oddly, the only website that I was able to access with any regularity was The New York Times.

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China: Ethnically diverse forum shut down 

a small portrait of this author John Kennedy · 17:01
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On May 15, Uighur Online, the main online forum serving to bridge the huge communication gap between China's Muslim population, other minority ethnic groups, and Han Chinese, was shut down.

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All that remains now of Uighur Online, courtesy of archive.org

As is the norm in China, no reason is given for website closures, just an order. All that can now be found at the site or its sister site Uighur Biz are instructions on how to donate to Chinese Red Cross, and this message:

所有各民族的朋友:

大家好!我们带着非常沉重的心情通知大家,由于众所周知的原因,维吾尔在线被关闭。
感谢大家一直以来对维吾尔在线的支持、关注和帮助,更感谢所有维吾尔在线管理团队成员,论坛版主、编辑和专栏作家、专家、学者的辛勤付出。维吾尔在线建站短短两年以来,在一个多民族的管理团队的努力下,日均PV值达到百万左右,注册用户数万人。在这里我们认识和结交了许多不同民族的朋友,彼此之间的了解也更加全面和深入,维吾尔在线打通了民间的民族交流渠道,我们坚信,民间对话交流是很有意义的。

网站投稿信箱:uighurtor@126.com uighuronline@gmail.com

站务联系QQ:237505591 技术支持QQ:80870896

维吾尔在线
2008-5-15

Friends of all ethnic groups,

Hello everyone! It is with extremely heavy hearts that we hereby notify you that due to those reasons that everyone knows, Uighur Online has been closed.

Thank you everyone for your constant support, care and help for Uighur Online, and even more thanks to the members of the management team, the BBS webmasters, the editors, columnists, experts and the academics who have put so much into Uighur Online. In the two short years that Uighur Online has been around and with the efforts of a multi-ethnic management team, the site receives on average around one million pageviews per day, with tens of thousands of registered users. With all the people we've come to know and friends we've made from many different ethnic groups, our understanding of each other has both broadened and deepened. Uighur Online provided grassroots communication channels between different ethnic groups, allowing for conversations and discussions which, we firmly believe, were quite meaningful.

E-mail contacts for written contributions to the site: uighurtor@126.com uighuronline@gmail.com

Uighur Online
May 15, 2008

The well-known Uighur Biz blogger on Sina.com adds that the “Harmonization Department” which “cares for” these things was responsible for the closure; one reader there speculates on the reasons for Uighur Online's closure writes:

政府出于对言论的管制而关闭维吾尔在线是非常不明智的,因为不管维吾尔在线有多少杂音,可他们毕竟代表着的,是主张开放,主张对话,主张沟通,主张学习西方的维吾尔人(哈萨克人….),维吾尔在线的关闭将是一个重大的分水岭,主张沟通对话的渠道被关闭,意味着将有更多的人选择自我封闭,拒绝对话,或者选择地下活动,内地人失去了一个直接了解维吾尔大众思想的窗口,将不得不通过那些在象牙塔里学者的研究报告了解民情.

The government's closing of Uighur Online as a way to restrict speech is extremely unwise, because regardless of how much noise was being made on Uighur Online, they are after all still representative, and [the site] advocated for openness, for discussion, for communication, and for learning from Uyghurs in the West (Kazakhs…). Uighur Online's closure stands to be a major watershed; the shutting down of channels that stood for communication and discussion just means that all the more people now will choose to cut themselves off, refuse to communicate, or even choose underground activities. People inland have lost the window which led straight to understanding what Uyghur people are thinking, and now will have no choice but to turn to research papers from those academics in the ivory towers to better understand the public sentiment there.

From Baidu to Bullog to small local BBS forums, the response has been strong, but it too is being silenced. On May 19 this post already had six pages of comments; on May 20 it is somehow now down to just four pages.

What surprises many Uighur Online users is that the website was even properly licensed, the excuse most often used by authorities to shut blogs and BBS websites down. Indeed, the ‘Crowd of Spectators Out of Control' blogger, who writes about Xinjiang culture, mentions in a post late last month a conversation s/he had with the Uighur Online webmasters, retelling the absurdities the staff there went through recently in trying to report one UO user for inflaming racial hatred within the forums, and being kicked around like a football from police department to police department in Beijing and then back to the local internet supervision office, with none of them willing to address the situation.

Not to be mistaken as a sign of authorities' unwillingness to punish people for alleged hate speech. Uighur Online's attraction was in that it tolerated occasionally offensive and hateful opinions as valid parts of discussion; its closure, aside from being illegal, now only demonstrates the short-sightedness of those responsible. As with any influential blog or BBS forum in China, Uighur Online's administrators were already in theory forced to censor any language which might alarm authorities. Now, all talks are off.

Well-known novelist Yao Xinyong, who writes on ethnic themes, in an essay published last fall, reprinted now on Gsoms Dong's Sohu blog, describes Uighur Online as such:

在这个论坛参与发帖讨论的人,有来自全国各地的维吾尔族、汉族、藏族、哈萨克、回族、朝鲜族等等;所涉及的论题涵盖面相当广,文化、政治、习俗、经济、文学等一应俱全;其视野所向,既立足于新疆本土,又放眼中国乃至世界。文章或发言,大都坦诚、直率、甚至激烈,但又相当理性,大都具有增进了解,促进不同族群之间团结的用心,网站的氛围非常好。这与网站主持者所秉持的观点有直接的关系――“我们可以斥责政府的过失,批判国家的弊端,揭露民族的弱点,但在发表的言语里请尊重自己的民族和祖国,这是最起码的”。正是本着这样的方针,他们一方面充分尊重网络发言的自由性,另一方面,又不断地删除非理性、破坏民族团结的帖子,屏蔽一再发表这类言词者的帐户。

The people who participate in this BBS and post messages are Uyghurs, Hans, Zangs, Kazakhs, Huis, Chaoxians and others, who come from all corners of the country; the wide variety of topics touched upon there include culture, politics, traditional customs, the economy, literature, anything you'd hope to find; its focus is primarily on Xinjiang, but it also looks to China and the world. In articles and speech, people are candid, free-speaking, even intense, but still relatively sensible, with everyone promoting understanding, earnestly seeking unity between different ethnic groups, and so the website has an exceptionally good vibe to it. This is directly related to the views held by its owners: “we can denounce the government for its faults, criticize the state for its abuses, and expose ethnic groups' weak points, but in the things you publish here, please respect both your own ethnic group and the motherland, this is the most essential.” Such are the guidelines they have adopted: on one hand amply respecting online freedom of speech, and on the other, continuously deleting senseless threads which damage ethnic unity as well as locking down accounts which repeatedly post these kinds of words.
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Sudan: Sami al-Hajj Released, Khartoum Attacked 

a small portrait of this author SudaneseDrima · 09:55
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This round-up highlights the two most talked about recent topics in the Sudanese blogosphere.

Let's get started with the release of the Sudanese al-Jazeera journalist Sami al-Hajj from Guantanamo Bay where he was held for six years without trial.

Eman was evidently happy:

إنتو حاسيـــن بالأنا حاسة بيهه؟؟
هل إنتو مبسوطيــــن زيي كدة؟؟؟

She asks “can you feel what I'm feeling?? Are you as happy as I am??”

Drima had this to say about the matter:

I’ve held a very simple position on this matter. Give the man a fair trial, and if he’s found guilty, lock him up behind bars for as long as possible. If he is found innocent, release him as soon as possible. That’s it. Full stop. Is that too much to ask?

Amjad blogged about Sami's release but then removed his post for a vague reason stated below:

I just want to point out that the post of Sami Al-Hajj's interview which I posted 2 nights ago is now removed. The post took another path other than the one it was opened for, and hence I thought it would be best to close it to avoid that path it was not opened for.

We believe that Sami Al-Hajj was released on humanitarian basis and we should all just hope that the entire world lives in peace regardless of race, religion or politics.

Thanks. :)

Daana, just like Eman, was also happy after hearing the news of the release:

Sami al Hajj is free….after 6 years in Guantanamo Bay
I haven't been this happy in a while

And now, let's move on to the news about the attacks on Khartoum, Sudan's capital. Drima blogged a thorough coverage of what happened:

The Darfurian rebel group Justice and Equality Movement mounted a bold attack on Khartoum less than two days ago but was stopped at the outskirts of the city by the Sudanese Armed Forces. It was a big battle involving helicopters and significant aerial bombardment.

… There are very mixed and heated Sudanese sentiments over this daring move with some (mainly the Southern Sudanese and some Darfurians) staunchly supporting it and others against it.

As for me, I strongly condemn the attack. The United States and the UN have condemned it too. I’m glad they’ve made it clear they won’t accept this kind of behavior. It undermines all efforts aimed at implementing the Comprehensive Peace Agreement and finding a political solution for Darfur.

Andrew Heavens, a freelance writer based in Khartoum made a nice list of the possible reasons behind the attack:

  1. A bloody PR move to get JEM some headlines
  2. Retribution – to bring some of Darfur's suffering to Khartoum
  3. Humiliation of Khartoum and exposure of holes in its security system
  4. Chad-backed revenge for the two Khartoum-backed rebel raids on N'Djamena
  5. The move of a mad, power-hungry warlord
  6. A move to break the stalemate in the Darfur peace process AKA Operation Longarm
  7. Distraction while JEM prepares for an offensive on El Geneina
  8. A genuine coup attempt
  9. The first stages of a coup attempt to test for support among army and opposition
  10. Creating chaos in the capital leading to the breakdown of the state

Kizzie demanded that the government steps down!

The rebels are in the capital. Yes, innocent civilians are going to die and destroying the capital is not going to help the crises in Darfur in anyway, but it was going to happen…sooner or later.

What to do?
We need a transitional government right now, Bashir needs to STEP DOWN!
Hand over the power to a transitional government for the next year, until the 2009 elections.

If the government doesn't take this seriously and implement the darfur peace agreement, the whole country is going to collapse.

If the concerned international community cares about Sudan, they should pressure the government to step down.

She also posted the following pictures of the aftermath of the attack:




Meanwhile, JohnAkec published a long post about peace in South Sudan.

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Videos: Creativity in facing the water crisis This is a Video post

a small portrait of this author Juliana Rincón Parra · 08:20
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Classic Water Drop Shot by Randy Son Of Robert
Classic Water Drop Shot
by Randy Son Of Robert
.

With two very recent natural disasters in mind: the cyclone in Myanmar and the Earthquake in Sichuan, China, the topic of getting pure and drinkable water to needy populations has come back into the conversation. Following, several videos which propose different solutions to supply clean water or at least make it easier for people to have a healthful liquid to drink.

These solutions have the bases covered: well digging and water for maintaining health and hygiene after emergencies, a PlayPump and a Q-Drum roll-able water container to transport the liquid: from underneath the ground and from far away and A Bio-Sand filter and purification bicycle to help make this water they transport, clean and safe for drinking and use.

First, from South Sudan, a Video Journal which speaks about the challenges faced by the Water for Sudan project in order to build and maintain wells in rural areas of this impoverished area and how it doesn't really matter how hard it is to get started and running, because in the end, it is worth every effort.

Then, from Pakistan, Action Against Hunger decided to help the communities who had lost absolutely everything to slowly regain their confidence in a better future by including clean water in their plans. The following video from Dogooder.tv:

A few projects which make it easy for people to transport water from one area to the next. First, the Q drum which is a rolling bottle that can be led by a rope. Second, a play pump which pumps water from the underground watershet to a water tank up high while children play and prototype bicycle that purifies water as it is ridden.

The prototype water purification/transportation bicycle can be seen on minute 1:00.

In the areas of purification we can see the Bio-Sand filter in action, also from Action Against Hunger:

Another similar clay pot filtration product is being promoted by Potters for Peace, who train local artisans to make clay pots which can be used to filter water. Complete instructions to make the pots and filters can be found here. The following video is of Ron Rivera's presentation in Design for the other 90 percent symposium:

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Ecuador: President Correa Criticized During European Visit 

a small portrait of this author Milton Ramirez · 03:07
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Correa in a crowded march in Guayquil during January 19th, 2008 - Photo by Charlie Perez and used under a Creative Commons license.

Last week we reported that Ecuadoran President Rafael Correa was received warmly in Spain and proved to have a different relationship with the King of Spain, and did not necessarily follow the lead of Venezuelan president Hugo Chávez, as has been reported. Yet, Correa encountered plenty of criticism from members of the crowds for his apparent inaction on the demands of the immigrant community and for his anti-Colombia rhetoric. One of the most notable incident was recorded on video after a meeting at the House of the Americas in Spain in the presence of 1500 people. Correa was publicly criticized by an Ecuadoran immigrant, who claimed that the president has not been paying attention to the demands of the immigrant community. As the president was leaving, he called out to the man and said, “because of idiots like you, the entire Ecuadoran community looks bad”

This unprofessional behavior drew the criticism of the Ecuadoran media and bloggers, as well as members of the Constituent Assembly. Dionicio Cando [es], a member of the Constituent Assembly for the Morona Santiago province refers to an article written by well know Ecuadoran journalism Carlos Vera, who asks who will incarcerate Correa for such an insult to the immigrant:

La gran mayoría del país resiste todo menos la humillación. El ecuatoriano nunca dejará de ser digno. Ya verán cómo el indigno gesto de un Primer Mandatario es el primer hito en la reversión de un totalitarismo al cual Ecuador no quiere estar sujeto. El déspota lo sabe. Por eso lo desespera “un idiota”. Terminó de caérsele la careta.

The vast majority of the country withstands anything but humiliation. The Ecuadoran will never put aside his pride. You will see how the unworthy gesture of a President is the first step towards a turn to totalitarianism of which Ecuador does not want to belong to. The despot knows it. That is why “an idiot” made him desperate. His mask just fell.

La Alharaca [es], a blog from Guayaquil writes that Correa did address the topic of immigration during visits to Madrid, Brussels and France and asked that immigration should not be criminalized. However, the topic of Colombia also came up when a Colombian student criticized Correa's anti-Colombian stance. [es]

Alex Anazco from Cambiemos Ecuador [es] post videos and thinks that Correa should learn lessons from Colombian Uribe, instead of calling others names.

Mientras el país presenta cada vez más índices económicos preocupantes, el Ec. Correa en lugar de alentar y buscar inversiones, cruzó el charco para gruńir, lo contrario de su homólogo Uribe, que a más de recibir propuestas de Bill Gates [tomado de El Federalista] fue a Europa por más inversiones. Pero el muchachito de presidente que tenemos, chabacano y sabroso como él solo, no se lo ocurre mejor cosa que decir ¡Por idiotas como tú! ante la inquietud de un ecuatoriano en el extranjero… que lástima. ¿Alguna constructiva sugerencia?…

While the country has increasingly troubling economic indicators, Ec. Correa, rather than encourage and look for investments , crossed the pond grumbling; which is the opposite of his counterpart Uribe, who in addition to receiving proposals from Bill Gates [taken from http://el-federalista.blogspot.com -The Federalist], went to Europe looking for more investments. But our childish and vulgar president can't think of anything better to say than ‘Because of idiots like you!' to the concerns of Ecuadorans abroad … what a pity. Does anyone have any constructive suggestions? …

This is just one in other issues that is affecting Correa's popularity. The Confederation of Indigenous Nationalities of Ecuador (CONAIE) has jumped ship and now is in opposition to Correa for “continuing right-wing neoliberal economic and racist social policies.” In addition, the laptop found in the presence of Raúl Reyes, the FARC guerilla leader who was killed in the border dispute had shown ties between Correa and the group. However, Correa has said that he's going to step down if it is proven that his government has backed the leftist FARC.

For the video of the incident between the president and Ecuadoran immigrant see the YouTube video.

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